To investigate the effects of the method of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis for pleural thickness and levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in pleural effusion of patients with tuberculous pleurisy.Methods:A total of 88 patients with tuberculous pleurisy in the 180th Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army from October 2015 to October 2016 were randomly divided into control group and observation group with 44 cases in each group.The control group was given conventional anti-tuberculosis treatment and pleural paracentesis.The observation group was given Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction on the basis of the control group.Both groups were continuously treated for 8 weeks.The changes of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome,clinical efficacy,pleural thickness,and TNF-α and TGF-β1 in pleural effusion were observed before and after treatment.Results:After the treatment,the chest pain,fever,shortness of breath,cough,hemoptysis and expectoration in 2 groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.05 or P<0.01),and there were significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01).The total effective rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).The pleural thickness of treatment of 2 or 8 weeks in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.01).The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01).The levels of TNF-α and TGF-β1 in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion:Method of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis can significantly improve the symptoms of tuberculous pleurisy,improve the clinical efficacy,and reduce the pleural thickness and the levels of TNF-α and TGF-β1 in pleural effusion.