To observe the curative effects of wet dressing of scutellaria baicalensis “water film” on acute eczema and explore the therapeutic mechanism. Methods:A total of 60 cases of patients, who were admitted to Wuhan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from 2014 September to 2016 September in dermatology department, were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 30 cases in each group. Both two groups were given chlorpheniramine as basic treatment. The control group was treated on the basis of the observation group with Triamicinolone Acetonide Acetate and Miconazole Nitrate Neomycin Sulfate Cream. The observation group was treated with wet dressing of scutellaria baicalensis “water film” on the basis of the basic treatment. The acute eczema severity of skin lesions and pruritus was evaluated, and flow cytometry was used to detect natural killer cells (NK), enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detection of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R) and five hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) expression.Results:After treatment, the lesions and lesion areas of two groups were significantly decreased (P<005), and the skin lesions and lesion areas in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<005). After treatment, the itching scores of two groups were significantly lower (P<005), and the itch score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (P<005). After treatment, NK and IL-2 of the two groups increased significantly (P<005), and the NK and IL-2 in observation group were higher than the control group (P<005). After treatment, 5-HT and sIL-2R of the two groups were significantly lower (P<005), and 5-HT and sIL-2R of the observation group were lower than the control group (P<005). Conclusion:Wet dressing of scutellaria baicalensis “water film” treatment can effectively improve the clinical skin lesions and pruritus of patients with acute eczema, and its mechanism may be related to the improvement of cellular immune function and the reduction of itching factor 5-HT.