Rhizoma Coptidis has an important position in the history of traditional Chinese medicine as a native medicinal material in Sichuan. Modern pharmacological research has further proved that the related biologically active components in Rhizoma Coptidis and its extracts have a wide range of pharmacological effects, which have a clear role in anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, blood lipid regulation, hypoglycemic, neuro-protection. The effects and research progress of Rhizoma Coptidis and its extracts in anti-aging related aspects are highlighted by us. We look forward to discovering new therapeutic effects and new targets for the Chinese medicinal herbs Rhizoma Coptidis from the Sichuan. Secondly, it provides theoretical basis for new uses and further provides modern scientific basis for clinical applications.