| 引用本文:李杨波，赵晖，白明，苗明三.中药外用毒性的特点与分析[J].世界中医药,2020,(03):. |
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| 中药外用毒性的特点与分析 |
| Characteristics and Analysis on External Toxicity of Chinese Materia Medica |
| 投稿时间：2020-01-10 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2020.03.017 |
| 中文关键词: 中药 外用 机制 优势 不良反应 毒性 外用疗法 防治 |
| English Keywords:Chinese materia medica External use Mechanism Advantage Adverse reactions Toxicity Topical therapy Prevention and treatment |
| 基金项目:河南省产学研合作项目（182107000029）；公益性行业科研专项(201507004-2）；国家国际合作基地项目（2016-65） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的：探究中药外用毒性的表现形式、特点、防治方法。方法：通过对外用毒性中药、常见外用方法及中毒特点、外用毒性反应及救治方法进行研究，说明中药外用毒性反应特点。结果：中药外用是直接将中药作用于患处或穴位，使中药直接通过皮肤吸收或经脉的疏通作用达到全身给药的效果。外用中药不经肠胃，没有首过效应，且不会引起胃肠道刺激，不良反应小，是一种新型的有良好发展前景的给药方式。目前中药外用理论指导较少，使得一些中药外用时毒性难以控制。后续研究应以探究中药外用正确方法为主，以期降低外用毒性提高药效。结论：中药外治的毒性反应较弱，防治及救治方法简单易行，安全性较高。但中药外用缺少相对应的中医药理论的指导应补充完善，使中药外用更好地用于中药临床应用。 |
| English Summary: |
| To explore the pattern of manifestation,characteristics and methods of prevention and treatment of toxicity of Chinese materia medica for external use.Methods:Toxic Chinese materia medica for external use,common external use methods and poisoning characteristics,as well as external toxic reactions and treatment methods were studied to explain the characteristics of Chinese materia medica in external toxic reactions.Results:External application of Chinese materia medica is to directly apply Chinese materia medica to the affected area or acupoints,so that Chinese materia medica can be absorbed directly through the skin or dredging effect of meridians to achieve the effect of systemic administration.Chinese materia medica for external use does not pass through the stomach and intestines,without first-pass effect and gastrointestinal irritation.It has small toxic and side effects,which is a new type of administration method with good development prospects.At present,there is less theoretical guidance for external use of Chinese materia medica,which makes it difficult to control the toxicity of some Chinese materia medica externally used.Subsequent research should focus on exploring correct methods of external application of Chinese materia medica,with a view to reducing the toxicity of external application and improving its efficacy.Conclusion:The toxicity of external treatment by Chinese materia medica is relatively weak,and the methods of prevention and treatment are simple,easy and safe.However,the external use of Chinese materia medica lacks corresponding theoretical guidance in traditional Chinese medicine,which should be supplemented and improved,so that the external use of Chinese materia medica can better guide clinical application of Chinese materia medica. |
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