The collaterals disease theory is one of the most important basic pathogenesis of traditional Chinese Medicine.In recent years, it has been widely used in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of cancers, and it has theoretical guiding significance for the mechanism study and treatment of tumor occurrence, development, metastasis etc.The morphology and function of collaterals diseases are similar to the concepts of tumor micro-vessel and microcirculation in modern medicine.The blood stasis collaterals is similar to blood hypercoagulability of tumor patients.Therefore, Tongluo methods have a solid theory foundation to treat tumors.Insect medicines, namely animal medicines, as the representative of medicines of removing obstruction of collaterals, are excellent at dredging collaterals, playing an important role in the prevention and treatment of tumors, such as activating blood circulation, removing blood stasis, attacking toxin, removing stasis, removing obstruction in collaterals, searching wind, removing toxin and removing obstruction in collaterals, and strengthening the body resistance by removing obstruction in collaterals.This paper reviewed the main thoughts of the origin, development and mature stage of collaterals disease theory, summarizing the researches and application of collaterals disease theory in modern tumor treatment, and analyzing the specific application of insect medicines in methods of removing obstruction in collaterals in order to provide theory basis for the prevention and treatment of cancer by by traditional Chinese medicine treating in collaterals diseases.