The characteristics of CAI Lianxiang's differentiation and treatment of gynecological diseases from the theory of “Essential Blood”was analyzed.Through sorting out CAI's lectures for beginners of gynecology in traditional Chinese medicine，this paper summarized the characteristics，etiology，pathogenesis，syndrome differentiation，treatment and clinical application of gynecological diseases by using the theory of “Essential Blood”，highlighting the status of the theory of “Essential Blood” in gynecological diseases，and considering that the excess and loss of essenstial blood was closely related to kidney，liver and spleen.Clinical treatment of women's diseases is based on the syndrome differentiation of regulating and supplementing liver，spleen，kidney，and regulation qi，blood and thoroughfare and conception channels.