By internal transcribed spacer 2(ITS2)and plastid intergenic region psbA-trnH sequences,the Akebiae Caulis seeds would be identified and DNA barcoding technology has been established,to guarantee the species authenticity of Akebiae Caulis seeds,a Chinese medicinal material.Methods:A total of 15 samples of Akebiae Caulis seeds were collected from different areas.Their ITS2 and psbA-trnH sequences have been obtained after DNA extraction,polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and bi-directional sequencing.Species identification analysis was based on BLAST analysis and neighbor joining(NJ)phylogenetic tree method.Results:A total of 4 types of ITS2 sequences and 2 types of psbA-trnH sequences were obtained.ITS2 and psbA-trnH sequences can distinguish Akebiae Caulis and Clematidis Armandii Caulis,and Caulis Aristolochiae Manshuriensis.But the ITS2 sequence can distinguish Akebia quinata and Akebia trifoliata,Akebia trifoliata var.austrais.The psbA-trnH sequence cannot distinguish Akebia quinata and Akebia trifoliata,Akebia trifoliate var.austrais.Conclusion:DNA barcoding can be useful for origin identification of Akebiae Caulis seeds and its adulterants.