Single-cell sequencing technology is a new technique for high-throughput sequencing of genome，transcriptome and epigenome at the level of a single cell.It can reveal the gene structure and gene expression state of a single cell，and is a powerful tool for the study of cell heterogeneity.In the past decade，a large number of researches on biological cell heterogeneity based on this technology have emerged，which have been applied in oncology，embryonic development，neurobiology，immunology and other research fields.In the field of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) scientific research is just beginning to emerge，there has been the use of single cell sequencing of prescriptions，the mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine and other scientific research.Through the introduction of single-celled sequencing technology and its application at present in the field of medical research，discusses the single-celled sequencing in TCM can be used in the study of the direction，to expand the research ideas and methods of TCM，to explore the modernization of TCM research provides new support，greatly accelerate the combination of TCM and modern life science and technology.