To observe the therapeutic effect and mechanism of heat-clearing and detoxification and wind-dispelling and nebula-eliminating therapy on bacterial keratitis model mice. Methods:A total of 60 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:model group(n=12),low dose group(n=12),high dose group(n=12),control group(n=12)and blank group(n=12).The curative effect of clearing heat and detoxification and wind-dispelling and nebula-eliminating was observed by evaluating the symptoms of the animal model of bacterial keratitis. The pathological and histological changes of rat cornea were observed by bacterial clearance rate, bacterial colony count of cornea and light microscope. The levels of CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ were detected by flow cytometry to discuss the mechanism of heat-clearing and detoxification and wind-dispelling and nebula-eliminating. Results:1)The method of heat-clearing and detoxification and wind-dispelling and nebula-eliminating could reduce the symptom score of bacterial keratitis, increase the bacterial clearance rate and improve the pathological structure of corneal stroma. 2)The method of heat-clearing and detoxification and wind-dispelling and nebula-eliminating could increase the expression level of CD4+ and CD8+ in peripheral blood of bacterial keratitis model rats in a dose-dependent manner(P<0.05),and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ was relatively stable, and there was no significant difference among the five groups(P>0.05). Conclusion:The method of clearing heat and detoxification, wind-dispelling and nebula-eliminating can effectively improve bacterial keratitis, and its mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of CD4+,CD8+ content in peripheral blood of rats.