The evaluation and control of the quality of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is the bottleneck that restricts the development of modernization of TCM.Therefore,it is necessary to combine the biological evaluation with the existing detection methods to ensure the quality of TCM more comprehensively.Biological evaluation is an important method to improve the quality standard,and ensure the clinical efficacy and safety evaluation of TCM,which has become one of the development trends of quality standardization of TCM.This paper mainly discusses the quality evaluation technology of TCM based on biological activity and effect benchmarks in recent years and some of the research progress that has been made.Meanwhile,it discusses the main problems existing in the current biological evaluation of TCM quality and its application,and further its future application,making an outlook to better control the quality,so as to better control the quality of TCM.