The author searched clinical and experimental mechanism literatures of moxibustion treatment of ulcerative colitis(UC)in Wangfang Data，China Journal Full-text Database(CNKI)，VIP Chinese Journal Platform(VIP)and Pubmed Database from January 2010 to February 2020.“艾灸” or “灸法” or “moxibustion”，“ulcerative colitis” or “inflammatory bowel disease” or “ulcerative colitis” were used as search terms to include clinical or experimental mechanism research literature.Review literatures，cases，case reports etc.，were excluded.Finally 46 domestic and foreign related literatures were selected to summarize the clinical and experimental mechanisms of moxibustion treatment of UC in the past ten years.The author analyzed and reviewed the immune balance of the patients，regulation of intestinal flora，improvement of intestinal mucosal barrier function，and apoptosis regulationes of，and proposed the thinking and prospects for future research.