To observe modified Bushen Huoxue Decoction on the curative effects of promoting postoperative bone healing of patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF). Methods:A total of 78 cases of patients during postoperative recovery period admitted to Jinan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Jan. 2018 to Jan. 2019 were selected as the research objects and were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, with 39 cases in each group. Patients in both groups were given routine postoperative treatment. Patients in the control group were given intravenous zoledronic acid infusion on the basis of routine treatment, and while those in the observation group were given Bushen Huoxue Decoction on the basis of the control group. The degree of postoperative fracture healing of patients in the 2 groups was observed through the degree of lumbar back pain, the degree of lumbar dysfunction, the angle of vertebral kyphosis (Cobb), and the height change of injured vertebral anterior edge. The bone mineral density, biochemical indexes of bone metabolism, hemorheology and serum levels of relevant factors were compared. Results:1 month after surgery, compared with the control group, the fracture healing was superior to the observation group. The VAS score of lumbar back pain and the ODI score of lumbar dysfunction were lower, the Cobb Angle decreased, and the height of the anterior edge of the injured vertebra increased (P<0.05). The bone mineral density of femoral neck and lumbar spine were higher (P<0.05), and the osteoblast activity was enhanced more significantly. The serum bone metabolism indexes of BGP, OC and BLAP were increased more significantly, and the TRACP-5b, iPTH and CTX-I levels and hemorheological indexes were decreased more significantly (P<0.05). The serum levels of SICAM-1 and PCT were significantly lower than those of the control group, while the levels of TGF-β1 and VEGF were significantly increased (P<0.05). Conclusion:Modified Bushen Huoxue Decoction can promote postoperative bone healing and improve bone density OVCF patients. The mechanism may be related to improving bone metabolism, increasing local blood supply, reducing postoperative inflammatory reaction and promoting angiogenesis.