To explore the mechanism of Buyang Huanwu Decoction in the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease(AD) with the method of network pharmacology.Methods:We retrieved and collected AD targets with the help of TCMSP,OMIM,DrugBank and TTD databases.Searched and screened the active compounds in Buyang Huanwu Decoction through the TCMSP and TCM@TAIWAN databases,and predicted potential targets of compounds through the PharmMapper server.Obtained the AD targets that interact with Buyang Huanwu Decoction by comparing with the collected AD targets.Constructing and analyzing the protein-protein interaction network of targets of Buyang Huanwu Decoction against AD and the network of “herbs-active compounds-AD targets” with STRING database and Cytoscape software separately.GO functional annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed on AD targets through DAVID system and KOBAS 3.0 database.Results:A total of 92 active compounds were screened from Buyang Huanwu Decoction,among which paeoniflorin,4-ethylpaeoniflorin and 4-O-methyl-paeoniflorin from the Radix Paeoniae Rubra may be the important multiple activity ingredients.After targets prediction and comparison,33 AD targets were determined,among which CASP3,MAPK14,BCHE and BACE1 may be the key targets of Buyang Huanwu Decoction against AD.The AD targets were affected by active components to regulate proteolysis,protein phosphorylation,estrogen response and other biological processes,to inhibit the production of Aβ,decrease neuronal inflammation and apoptosis of nerve cells,and reduce the activity of cholinesterase by participating in MAPK,PI3K/AKT,Rap1,Ras and other signaling pathways,to achieve the purpose of treating AD.Conclusion:Research on the active ingredients and mechanism of Buyang Huanwu Decoction in the treatment of AD through network pharmacology methods,revealing that Buyang Huanwu Decoction has the advantages of multiple components,multiple targets and multiple pathways in the treatment of AD，which provides a new idea for the later experiment of Buyang Huanwu Decoction.