To observe the therapeutic mechanism and prognostic effect of Biyuan Tongqiao Granules on patients undergoing nasal polypectomy.Methods:A total of 84 patients with first-onset nasal polyps who were treated for the first time in the Otolaryngology Department of Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital from May 2019 to August 2020 were selected as the research objects and were divided into a control group and an observation group according to whether the patients received Biyuan Tongqiao Granules treatment after surgery; the clinical symptom score，quality of life score，level of related factors and prognostic effect evaluation of the 2 groups of patients.Results:After treatment，the difference in clinical symptom scores and quality of life scores between the control group and the observation group was statistically significant(P<0.05); there was a very significant difference in EOS between the groups after treatment(P<0.01); the comparison of IgA and IgM in the observation group before and after treatment was statistically significant(P<0.01); after treatment，the average expression levels of miRNA-125b and miRNA-34a in the control group and the observation group decreased，and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.01); the recurrence rate of the control group was 21.05%，and the recurrence rate of the observation group was 6.67%.The difference in the recurrence rate between the 2 groups was statistically significant(χ2=10.233，P<0.01).Conclusion:Biyuan Tongqiao Granules can mediate the levels of miRNA-125b and miRNA-34a in patients and affect the levels of eosinophils and IgA and IgM，thereby reducing the probability of postoperative recurrence.