Meridian theory is one of the core theoretical basis of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and occupies a special and important position in TCM theory.With the strong support of the state，scientific researchers have carried out thorough explorations on the essence of meridians based on clinical experience.With the vigorous development of brain science and advanced science and technology，research on the overall regulation effect，target organ effect and local effect mechanism of acupuncture(acupoints) have become more and more consummate and the connection between meridian effect and the brain has gradually drawn more attention.This paper systematically reviews the history and achievements of meridian research，combs the frontier progress of meridian and brain science，and prospects the future research direction of brain science in TCM，in order to provide reference for the regulation effect of acupuncture and moxibustion on brain science and brain disease prevention.