To explore the possible mechanism of Buyang Huanwu Decoction in the treatment of diabetic encephalopathy(DE) based on network pharmacology and molecular docking.Methods:The active components and targets of Buyang Huanwu Decoction were selected from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP) and Chemistry Database of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).The DE targets were collected from the GeneCards and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man(OMIM).STRING was used to construct the protein-protein interaction(PPI) network，and the plugin CytoNCA of Cytoscape 3.8.0 was employed to screen the key targets.The Gene Ontology(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) enrichment analysis were conducted by Clusterprofiler.The drug-component-target-pathway network was constructed by Cytoscape 3.8.0，and AutoDock was adopted for molecular docking.Results:A total of 108 active components of Buyang Huanwu Decoction were obtained，corresponding to 469 potential targets.The drug-component-target-pathway network showed that quercetin，glycine and senkyunone were the key components of Buyang Huanwu Decoction in the treatment of DE，and protein kinase，P53 protein，and tumor necrosis factors were the key targets.GO enrichment analysis revealed that this prescription may exert the effect through processes such as acting on oxidative stress，drugs，and metal ions，involving the cell components of membrane raft，membrane microdomain and membrane region and the molecular functions of amide binding，DNA-transcription factor binding and peptide binding.KEGG enrichment analysis showed that PI3K-Akt and MAPK signaling pathways were mainly involved.Molecular docking indicated that the main active components in Buyang Huanwu Decoction had stable binding activity to the core action targets.Conclusion:This study revealed the mechanism of Buyang Huanwu Decoction in the treatment of DE，and provided a basis for the clinical development and utilization of the prescription.