This study aims to explore the mechanism of Jinqi Jiangtang Tablets(JQJT) in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS).Methods:To be specific，T2DM was induced in rats with high-sugar and high-fat diet and streptozotocin(STZ) and the body weight，blood glucose，and other indicators were detected.UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS was employed to analyze the metabolic profiles of serum samples in control group，model group，positive drug group，JQJT normal group，and JQJT model group.Principal component analysis(PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) were used to screen and identify the differential metabolites.Results:Metabolic profiling revealed 15 metabolites as the potential biomarkers distinguishing rats in model group from those in control group.The metabolomics pathway analysis(MetPA) was applied to investigate the underlying metabolic pathways.A major metabolic pathway was glycerophosphatide metabolism.Nine metabolites such as LysoPC(18:0) and LysoPC(16:1) were down-regulated in T2DM rats，and six metabolites such as LysoPC(18:1) and LysoPC(20:0) were up-regulated.Conclusion:Moreover，the fifteen biomarkers of each administration group had a trend of returning to the levels in rats in control group.The significantly-altered metabolite levels indicated that JQJT can improve the progression of T2DM by alleviating lipid metabolism disorder.