To explore the efficacy and mechanism of Gastrodiae Rhizoma produced in Guizhou Province in protecting the rats with cerebral hemorrhage by regulating brain-gut axis.Methods:Sixty adult male rats were randomly assigned into a sham operation group,a model group,and low-,medium-,and high-dose Gastrodiae Rhizoma groups.After corresponding treatments for a week,the model was established.After 24 h,the samples were collected for observation of the pathological changes by hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining.Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were employed to determine the expression of the neurotransmitters serotonin-transporter-linked promoter region(5-HTTLPR),calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP),and interleukin-4(IL-4).Results:Compared with the model group,the Gastrodiae Rhizoma groups showed slight pathological changes of brain and jejunum,karyopyknosis and degeneration of nerve cells,and shedding,subepithelial space enlargement,and capillary dilatation of jejunal villi.Compared with the model group,the medium-and higher-dose Gastrodiae Rhizoma groups and sham operation group presented up-regulated expression of 5-HTTLPR and CGRP and down-regulated expression of IL-4 in hippocampus and jejunum(P<0.01).Furthermore,the medium-and higher-dose Gastrodiae Rhizoma groups showed higher expression of 5-HTTLPR and CGRP and lower expression of IL-4 in hippocampus and jejunum than the sham operation group(P<0.01).Conclusion:Gastrodiae Rhizoma can regulate the expression of 5-HTTLPR,CGRP,and IL-4 through brain-gut axis to protect rats from cerebral hemorrhage.In particular,high-dose Gastrodiae Rhizoma demonstrated remarkable effect.