To predict the main active components,targets,and signaling pathways and decipher the mechanism of Sparganii Rhizoma-Curcumae Rhizoma herb pair in the treatment of endometriosis(EMs) based on network pharmacology.Methods:The chemical components of the herb pair was searched through the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP),and the potential active components were screened with oral bioavailability(OB)≥30% and drug-likeness(DL)≥0.18 as the thresholds.The targets of the active components were obtained from TCMSP and those of EMs from GeneCards and OMIM.The common targets shared by the active components and EMs were identified via Venn diagram.The disease-herb-active component-target network was constructed in Cytoscape 3.7.2.The protein-protein interaction(PPI) network of the common targets was constructed with String and Cytoscape.Finally,with Bioconductor in R studio,the gene ontology(GO) annotation and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway enrichment were performed,and the target-signaling pathway network was constructed in Cytoscape.Results:We screened out 8 active components and 77 corresponding targets of the Sparganii Rhizoma-Curcumae Rhizoma herb pair,as well as 1 600 targets associated with EMs.The herb pair and EMs shared 34 common targets.The results of GO annotation showed that the herb pair regulated 1 054 biological processes,22 cell components,and 65 molecular functions.The KEGG pathway enrichment predicted 91 signaling pathways of the herb pair in the treatment of EMs.The results indicated that Sparganii Rhizoma-Curcumae Rhizoma herb pair mainly treated EMs via estrogen,IL-17,AGE-RAGE,thyroid hormone,and P53 signaling pathways.Conclusion:The Sparganii Rhizoma-Curcumae Rhizoma herb pair treats EMs via multiple targets and multiple pathways,which may involve estrogen,IL-17,AGE-RAGE,thyroid hormone,and P53 signaling pathways.