| 引用本文:张照宇1,2，孙建华3，陈士林1，董林林1.天麻种质资源及其与双菌共生分子机制研究[J].世界中医药,2022,(13):. |
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| 天麻种质资源及其与双菌共生分子机制研究 |
| Germplasm Resources of Gastrodia elata and Its Molecular Mechanism of Symbiosis with Two Fungi |
| 投稿时间：2022-05-10 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2022.13.005 |
| 中文关键词: 天麻 种质资源 良种培育 双菌共生 分子机制 |
| English Keywords:Gastrodia elata Germplasm resources Fine variety breeding Symbiosis with two fungi Molecular mechanism |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1711100) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 天麻为真菌异养型草本植物,其干燥块茎为药用与保健价值兼备的中药材,生长发育过程先后需与2类真菌——萌发菌与蜜环菌共生。天麻-萌发菌共生体系通过分子调控在共生萌发前期促进种子萌发,并在共生萌发后期随着蜜环菌的侵染利用防御反应打破共生体系动态平衡，为天麻-蜜环菌共生体系的建立创造条件。天麻-蜜环菌共生时期,宿主通过调控代谢相关基因贮存营养及能量物质以保障箭麻的形成。天麻与双菌共生时期均通过建立信号转导与物质运输途径提高天麻-真菌共生效率并维持共生体系动态平衡。本文综述了天麻野生种质的分布、种类与新品种培育现状,并从全局性角度梳理了近年来利用转录组学、蛋白组学等技术对天麻-双菌共生的分子机制研究。对天麻种质资源及遗传信息进行整合,在系统利用现有遗传资源的基础上深入探究菌-麻共生体系的调控机制并有效指导品种选育与遗传改良,助力天麻产业的持续完善和发展,充分发挥其药用价值和经济价值。 |
| English Summary: |
| Gastrodia elata,whose dried tuber is a Chinese medicine with both medicinal and health value,is a mycoheterotrophic herb,and its growth requires symbiosis with two kinds of fungi,i.e.,Mycena and Armillaria mellea.The G.elata-Mycena symbiotic system promotes seed germination in the early stage of symbiotic germination through molecular regulation,and breaks the dynamic balance of the symbiotic system with the infection of A.mellea in the late stage of symbiotic germination through defense reaction,creating conditions for the establishment of G.elata-A.mellea symbiotic system.In the stage of symbiosis between G.elata and A.mellea,the host stores nutrients and energy by regulating metabolism-related genes to ensure the formation of mature tuber.During the symbiotic period of G.elata and two fungi,the symbiotic efficiency of G.elata-fungi is improved and the dynamic balance of the symbiotic system is maintained through the establishment of signal transduction and material transport pathways.This study reviewed the distribution and species of wild germplasm as well as the current situation of new varieties of G.elata,and summarized the research on molecular mechanism of G.elata symbiosis with two fungi by using transcriptomics,proteomics,and other techniques in recent years from the macroscopic perspective.The germplasm resources and genetic information of G.elata were integrated so that the regulation mechanism of G.elata-fungus symbiosis system could be deeply explored on the basis of systematic utilization of existing genetic resources,which is expected to effectively guide variety breeding and genetic improvement,assist the continuous improvement and development of G.elata industry,and fully exploit the medicinal and economic value of G.elata. |
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