To study the effects of modified Pingwei Powder on hepatocyte apoptosis，inflammatory factors and oxidative stress in rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Methods:A total of 48 healthy SPF SD rats were divided into control group，model group，low-dose group and high-dose group by random number table，with 12 in each group.NAFLD rat model was established by OpenSource DietsTM high-fat diet for 12 weeks.Rats in low-dose and high-dose groups were given 189 g crude drug/kg and 756 g crude drug/kg(10 mL/kg) by gavage，respectively，and those in the control and model groups were given equal dose of normal saline by gavage，once a day for 8 weeks.The changes of liver index，liver function，inflammatory factors and oxidative stress were compared.Results:The liver index of model，low-dose and high-dose groups was higher than that of control group(P<005)，and the liver index of low-dose and high-dose groups was lower than that of model group，with high-dose group lower than low-dose group(P<005).The serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(GOT)，glutamic pyruvic transaminase(GPT)，interleukin-2(IL-2)，interleukin-6(IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) levels of model，low-dose and high-dose groups were higher than those of control group(P<005)，and the levels of low-dose and high-dose groups were lower than those of model group，with high-dose group lower than low-dose group(P<005).The serum malondialdehyde(MDA) level of model，low-dose and high-dose groups was higher while the superoxide dismutase(SOD) level was lower than those of control group(P<005)，and serum MDA level of low-dose and high-dose groups was lower while the SOD level was higher than thoses of model group(P<005)，with serum MDA level of high-dose group lower while SOD level higher than those of low-dose group(P<005).Conclusion:Modified Pingwei Powder could reduce hepatocyte apoptosis，decrease liver inflammation and regulate liver oxidative stress in NAFLD rats.