Acute non-varices upper gastrointestinal bleeding (ANVUGIB) is one of the most common clinical emergencies, with a high recurrence rate and fatality rate. It belongs to the category of “blood syndrome” in traditional Chinese medicine. TANG Rongchuan's “Four Methods of Treating Blood” is the “Outline of Treating Blood Syndrome”, which has a guiding role in the treatment of blood syndrome. This paper discusses the etiology and pathogenesis of ANVUGIB based on the theory of the “four methods of treating blood”, and puts forward the treatment thinking that “stop bleeding is the first method, stop bleeding without forgetting to eliminate blood stasis, seek the root of blood tranquilization, and grasp the opportunity to replenish deficiency”. This paper provides clinical ideas for the use of “four methods of treating blood” to treat ANVUGIB.