To explore a syndrome model in line with the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome differentiation and suitable for functional evaluation of health food by establishing an “insulin resistance with glucose and lipid metabolism disorder animal model with qi and yin deficiency”,aiming to provide a methodological reference for the development of syndrome differentiation-based auxiliary hypoglycemic health care products.Methods:Forty-five male SD rats were divided into a blank group,a model group,and a positive control group[Shiwei Xiaoke Capsules,1.32 g(kg·d),equivalent to 7.92 g/d for humans] according to the basic blood glucose level.The model was induced by exhaustive swimming exercise,thyroxine(T4) subcutaneous injection,and high-fat feeding combined with streptozotocin(STZ) injection.Drug intervention was carried out on the first day of the experiment,and the rats were administered by gavage for 33 days.Results:Compared with the rats in the blank group,those in the model group showed laziness,weakness,yellow and dry fur,agitation,and other manifestations of qi and yin deficiency,increased daily food intake,water consumption,and urine volume,decreased body weight,increased fasting blood glucose(FBG),area under curve of blood glucose(AUC),and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR),decreased HOMA-β and insulin sensitivity index(ISI),elevated serum total cholesterol(TC),triacylglycerol(TG),and low-density lipoprotein(LDL),declining high-density lipoprotein(HDL),up-regulated triiodothyronine(T3) and T4,increased cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP),reduced cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP),increased cAMP/cGMP ratio,prolonged exhaustive swimming time,and increased spleen index and thymus index.Shiwei Xiaoke Capsules could significantly increase the body weight of model rats,reduce FBG,improve glucose tolerance,prolong exhaustive swimming time,reduce T3 and T4 levels,reduce cAMP/cGMP ratio,and improve insulin resistance.Conclusion:In terms of modeling ideas and methods,the “insulin resistance with glucose and lipid metabolism disorder animal model with qi and yin deficiency” induced by exhaustive swimming exercise,T4 injection,and high-fat feeding combined with STZ injection is consistent with basic TCM theories,and can be used to evaluate the hypoglycemic function of Chinese medicinal health food effective in replenishing qi and nourishing yin.