世界中医药

目的:通过运用中医传承辅助系统(V2.5)对现有治疗2型糖尿病的中成药处方进行组方用药规律总结,同时分析中药降糖的作用靶点分布规律,以期在此基础上为新药研发及临床应用提供参考。方法:搜集药融云中国药品批文数据库中治疗2型糖尿病的中成药处方,通过中医传承辅助平台软件集成的数据挖掘方法,对筛选出中成药处方进行组方规律分析。通过检索国家知识基础设施数据库（CNKI）和中国学术期刊数据库（CSPD）对高频药物的降糖作用机制进行分析,明确作用靶点。结果:通过搜集、分析整理得到138首方剂的主治证型与220种药物的使用频次、核心药物组合及新药物组合。并对高频药物的降糖作用靶点进行归纳总结。通过统计可发现，现有治疗2型糖尿病中成药的主治证型以气阴两虚证和阴虚内热证为主,高频次使用药物主要为补气药、养阴药、清热药。通过运用平台分析软件,发现中成药组方中甘味(80次)、苦味(69次)药物频次较高,四气中以寒性(97次)的使用频次最高,热性(2次)药物的使用频次最低,药物归经出现最多的为肝经(94次)。通过软件集成的熵层次聚类方法得到的新药物组合中,出现了疏散风热药牛蒡子、清肝降火药青葙子,活血化瘀药水蛭等。现有中成药处方的药物作用靶点主要集中在抑制糖原异生、促进糖原合成；促进胰岛素分泌；防止胰岛细胞凋亡3个环节。结论:2型糖尿病的证候以气阴两虚和阴虚内热为主，其用药多以药性甘、苦、寒，归肝经为主，多使用补气、养阴、清热药，临床诊治过程中可以适当运用疏散风热、清肝降火、活血化瘀药等治疗兼证以增强疗效；作用靶点主要与抑制糖原异生、促进糖原合成，促进胰岛素分泌，防止胰岛细胞凋亡有关。

English Summary:

To summarize the medication rules of Chinese patent medicines in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and analyze the distribution rules of the targets of the medicines for lowering blood glucose via TCM inheritance assistance system(V2.5)，hence providing guidance for the development and clinical application of new drugs.Methods:The Chinese patent medicines for treating type 2 diabetes were collected from the Pharnexcloud，and the medication rules were analyzed via the data mining method in the TCM inheritance assistance platform.The relevant articles were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) and China Science Periodical Database(CSPD) for revealing the blood glucose-lowering mechanisms and targets of high-frequency Chinese medicines.Results:The main syndromes treated by the 138 retrieved prescriptions，as well as the frequency of use，core drug combinations，and new drug combinations of 220 Chinese medicines，were summarized via data analysis.The glucose-lowering targets of high-frequency Chinese medicines were summarized.The main syndromes of type 2 diabetes treated by Chinese patent medicines were qi-yin deficiency and yin deficiency with internal heat.The high-frequency Chinese medicines for the disease were mainly qi-tonifying，yin-tonifying，and heat-clearing ones.Sweet Chinese medicines(frequency of 80) and bitter(frequency of 69) Chinese medicines in the prescriptions had higher frequency.Cold Chinese medicines had the highest frequency(97) and hot ones had the lowest(2).In addition，most of the Chinese medicines used had the tropism to the liver meridian(frequency of 94).Arctii Fructus for dispersing wind and discharging heat，Celosiae Semen for clearing liver and draining fire，and Hirudo for activating blood and resolving stasis appeared in the new drug combinations obtained by the entropy-based hierarchical cluster analysis.The drug targets of the Chinese patent medicines were mainly molecules involved in inhibiting gluconeogenesis and promoting glycogen synthesis，promoting insulin secretion，and preventing islet cell apoptosis.Conclusion:The dominant syndromes of type 2 diabetes include qi-yin deficiency and yin deficiency with internal heat.Sweet，bitter，and cold Chinese medicines and those with tropism to the liver meridian are mainly used to treat the disease.The Chinese medicines most frequently used are qi-tonifying，yin-tonifying，and heat-clearing ones.In the clinical diagnosis and treatment，the Chinese medicines for dispersing wind and dissipating cold，clearing liver and reducing fire，and activating blood and resolving stasis can be appropriately used to enhance the efficacy.The drug targets are mainly molecules involved in the inhibition of gluconeogenesis，the promotion of glycogen synthesis and insulin secretion，and the prevention of islet cell apoptosis.

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