The interstitial lung disease associated with rheumatoid arthritis is mainly characterized by an alveolar inflammatory reaction in the early stage and can progress to pulmonary fibrosis in the late stage，with poor prognosis effects，and patients often die from respiratory failure.Traditional Chinese medicine is effective in improving the clinical symptoms of patients and delaying the progress of the disease.“Cold enveloping fire” syndrome is particularly common in pulmonary diseases.The theory of “cold enveloping fire” mentioned in the past holds that the cold and heat evil is mostly excess pathogen，and the pathogenesis is mostly an empirical pathological state of external cold invasion and internal fire stagnation，but the practice has found that the previous idea is not enough to cover clinical prescriptions.On the basis of previous experience and clinical practice，internal fire can be divided into deficiency fire and excess fire，and the dynamic transformation and mutual interlocking between deficiency fire and excess fire are put forward.According to the clinical characteristics of the interstitial lung disease associated with rheumatoid arthritis，the invasion of exogenous pathogens such as wind，cold，and dampness is considered as the cause of the disease.The course of the disease is pulmonary obstruction.External evil invasion and Ying and Wei disharmony make all the evil depressed and transform into the fire，eventually leading to damage to five zang-organs，internal deficiency fire，and Yin and Yang loss，which are the pathogenesis evolution.The treatment should be based on the disease location and characteristics，with dissipating cold，dispelling dampness，and harmonizing Ying and Wei in the early stage.In the middle stage，it is necessary to regulate qi，reduce fire，remove blood stasis，and eliminate phlegm.In the late stage，the main principle is to treat the disease by nourishing and warming and tonification and purgation in combination.Dynamic differentiation is also required to cut off the development of the disease，so as to benefit the clinical practice.