| 引用本文:赵婷玉1，杨新春2，鲍美如1，赵瑞华2.子宫内膜异位症痛经的临床特点及相关因素分析[J].世界中医药,2023,(08):. |
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| 子宫内膜异位症痛经的临床特点及相关因素分析 |
| Clinical Characteristics and Related Factors of Endometriosis Dysmenorrhea |
| 投稿时间：2022-06-11 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2023.08.023 |
| 中文关键词: 子宫内膜异位症 痛经 临床特点 相关因素 病例对照研究 问卷调查 Logistic回归分析 流行病学 |
| English Keywords:Endometriosis Dysmenorrhea Clinical characteristics Related factors Case-control study Questionnaire survey Logistic regression analysis Epidemiology |
| 基金项目:中医药传承与创新“百千万”人才工程(岐黄工程)岐黄学者资助项目(国中医药人教函[2018]284号)；首都卫生发展科研专项重点攻关项目(首发2018-1-4151)；中华中医药学会妇科分会“子宫内膜异位症流行病学调查”([2020]045) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的:探讨子宫内膜异位症(Endometriosis，EM)痛经的临床特点及影响痛经发生的相关因素。方法:选取2019年1月至2021年12月来自全国42家医院收治的EM患者2 056例作为研究对象，通过问卷调查收集研究对象的病历资料。采用病例对照研究，根据患者是否痛经将其分为痛经1 097例和无痛经959例。应用单因素与多因素Logistic回归分析方法，比较痛经或无痛经不同的临床特征，分析EM痛经的临床特点及影响痛经发生的相关因素。结果:1）EM患者痛经的发生率为53.4%。痛经在怕冷、头晕、食欲不佳、肛门坠胀、性交痛5个伴随症状的发生率均高于无痛经，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2)单因素分析结果显示：痛经或无痛经患者在年龄、是否进行过EM手术、有无西药治疗、有无性生活、合并子宫腺肌病方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3)多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示：EM痛经与年龄、是否进行过EM手术治疗、有无性生活相关(P<0.05)。结论:痛经是EM患者常见的症状。EM痛经患者常伴随怕冷、头晕、食欲不佳、肛门坠胀、性交痛等症状。年龄≤25岁为EM痛经发生的危险因素；而年龄＞35岁、进行EM手术、性生活为EM痛经发生的保护因素。临床应综合考虑以上相关因素，早诊断、早治疗，有助于减灭和消除病灶，缓解疼痛。 |
| English Summary: |
| To investigate the clinical characteristics and related factors of dysmenorrhea in patients with endometriosis(EM).Methods:This case-control study was conducted on 2 056 patients with EM from 42 hospitals in China from January 2019 to December 2021.A questionnaire survey was used to collect and sort out the medical records of the selected subjects.According to whether they had dysmenorrhea or not，patients were divided into the dysmenorrhea group(n=1 097) and non-dysmenorrhea group(n=959).Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis methods were used to compare the clinical characteristics between the two groups and analyze the clinical characteristics of dysmenorrhea in patients with EM and the related factors affecting the occurrence of dysmenorrhea.Results:1) The incidence of dysmenorrhea in patients with EM was 53.4%.The incidence of five accompanying symptoms，including fear of cold，dizziness，poor appetite，anal distension，and sexual intercourse pain in the dysmenorrhea group was higher than that in the non-dysmenorrhea group，and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). 2) The results of the univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences between the two groups in age，as well as whether they had EM surgery，western medicine treatment，sexual life，and adenomyosis(P<0.05). 3) Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that EM dysmenorrhea was correlated with age，EM surgery，and sexual life(P<0.05).Conclusion:Dysmenorrhea is a common symptom in patients with EM.Patients with EM dysmenorrhea often show accompanying symptoms such as fear of cold，dizziness，poor appetite，anal distension，and sexual intercourse pain.Age≤25 years old is the risk factor of EM dysmenorrhea; age>35，EM surgery，and sexual life are the protective factors of EM dysmenorrhea.Clinical practice should comprehensively consider the above related factors for early diagnosis and treatment，which will help to reduce and eliminate the focus and alleviate the pain of patients. |
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