The incidence of senile dementia is gradually increasing in the aging society in China.The exact cause of senile dementia has not been clearly defined，but it is affected by multiple risk factors such as genetic factors，age，gender，education level，ethnicity，lifestyle，and underlying diseases.At present，the challenges of senile dementia in China include difficulty in early diagnosis，poor treatment effects，and a huge economic burden.Traditional Chinese medicine has broad prospects in the prevention and treatment of senile dementia.This study described the research progress of prevention and treatment of senile dementia by traditional Chinese medicine from three aspects：single Chinese medicine extracts，Chinese patent medicine，and Chinese medicine formulas，so as to provide a reference for the research on treating senile dementia with traditional Chinese medicine in the future.