To reveal the underlying mechanism of Yiqi Gubiao Pills(YQGB) in regulating inflammation in vivo by using YQGB-medicated serum to intervene in the inflammatory cell model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) with the TGF-β2-Smad signaling pathway and related inflammatory factors as the entry point.Methods:The inflammatory cell model of COPD was established with cigarette smoke extract(CSE) and lipopolysaccharide(LPS) as stimulants and lung epithelial A549 cells as the carrier.Rats received YQGB by gavage，twice a day at an interval of 12 h.After 7 days of feeding，blood was collected to prepare drug-containing serum.High-dose，medium-dose，and low-dose YQGB-medicated serum was used for culture intervention.RT-qPCR，ELISA，and immunofluorescence were used to detect the changes of inflammatory cytokines(such as CD4，CD8，IL-6，IL-17，and TNF-α) and important molecules in TGF-β2-Smad signal transduction pathway before and after intervention.Results:CD4 in the groups with drug intervention was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The expression levels of CD8，IL-6，IL-17，TNF-α，TGF-β2，Smad2，and Smad3 in the groups with drug intervention were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The anti-inflammatory effect of YQGB-medicated serum on inflammatory lung epithelial cells may be related to the regulation of the TGF-β2-Smad signaling pathway.