Through the analysis of classified prescriptions with core drugs of Ephedrae Herba，Cinnamomi Ramulus，Bupleuri Radix，and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata mentioned in Treatise on Cold Damage written by the Medical Saint，Zhang Zhongjing，in the treatment of rheumatic pain，this study summarized Zhang's understanding of the pathogenesis of rheumatic pain，as well as the characteristics of the treatment and prescription strategies made for this condition.It was known that Zhang first identified whether the rheumatism pain was exterior or interior during his treatment and he made good use of pungent drugs to relieve symptoms and remove pathogens.Meanwhile，he emphasized the harmonization between nutrient and defense to alleviate acute pain through harmonization，and he was good at distinguishing between deficiency and excess，equipped himself with a differentiation idea that to reinforce healthy qi and eliminate pathogen to tonify deficiency and relieve pain.This study aimed to provide scholars with a deep understanding of pain symptoms of rheumatic diseases treated with classical prescriptions，thereby guiding clinical practice.