The intestinal flora exists in a balanced symbiotic relationship with host cells under physiological conditions，always in a dynamic and complex human ecosystem，and is closely related to human health.An imbalanced micro-ecosystem can to a certain extent contribute to the development of diseases.The composition and diversity of human intestinal flora will also change along with the onset of diseases.On the one hand，intestinal bacteria and their metabolites affect intestinal epithelial dysfunction with the effect of bile acid metabolism on related signaling pathways，thus causing liver cancer.On the other hand，they enter the liver through the “gut-liver axis” circulation and activate inflammation-related signaling pathways，which promotes the progress of liver cancer.At present，the treatment strategies for liver cancer aiming at intestinal flora mainly include probiotics，fecal transplantation，and traditional Chinese medicine treatment.In this paper reviewed the mechanism of intestinal flora on the pathogenesis and development of liver cancer and its role playing in the treatment of liver cancer，which is expected to play an important role in early diagnosis，treatment of liver cancer，and improving survival of cancer victims in the future.