Stroke is a major disease that seriously endangers people's health.It is the leading cause of death in China，with ischemic stroke(IS) accounting for over 70% of cases.Due to reasons such as a narrow time window and strict eligibility criteria，the clinical benefits of intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular treatment are extremely limited.Therefore，the search for specific and effective drugs remains an urgent clinical need，and in-depth exploration of relevant mechanisms and the discovery of new therapeutic targets are key to innovative drug development.In recent years，transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1(TRPV1)，through non-glutamate mechanisms，has been found to regulate calcium homeostasis after stroke and participate in various complex mechanisms following stroke.It is expected to become an emerging target for neuroprotection after stroke.Chinese medicine has the characteristics of multiple components and multiple targets.Clinical studies have confirmed the good therapeutic effects of Chinese medicine in the treatment of stroke at different stages.Currently，TRPV1 agonists/inhibitors have been found in many Chinese medicines such as Euodiae Fructus，Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens，and Borneolum.Now，starting from the pathological mechanisms involving TRPV1，such as the regulation of calcium overload，excitotoxicity，and neuroinflammation，this study aimed to clarify its specific role and summarized the potential Chinese medicinal components that presumably acted on TRPV1 for the treatment of stroke，thereby providing new insights for stroke research and treatment.