To regionalize the ecological suitability and quality of wild Atractylodes lancea in China，so as to guide the selection of cultivation sites and the production of high-quality A.lancea.Methods:The research data on the distribution and volatile oils of A.lancea in the recent 30 years were collected from relevant literature.MaxEnt and the geographic information system(GIS) were employed to regionalize the ecological suitability and quality of wild A.lancea，and then the suitable planting areas and quality formation areas of A.lancea were predicted.Results:1) The suitable distribution areas of wild A.lancea concentrated in Yanshan Mountains，Taihang Mountains，southern loess plateau of northern Shaanxi province，Qinling Mountains，Funiu Mountains，Daba Mountains，Tongbai Mountains，Dabie Mountains，and the areas around Maoshan Mountains and Huangshan Mountains.2) The suitable distribution areas of qualified wild A.lancea(atractylodin content>0.30%) concentrated in Dahong Mountains in the middle of Hubei province，Tongbai Mountains and Dabie Mountains at the junction of Hubei and Henan provinces，Zhangbaling Mountains in the middle of Anhui province，and most areas from Maoshan Mountains in the south of Jiangsu province to Shanghai.In addition，the quality of wild A.lancea in Dabie Mountains varied greatly.Conclusion:MaxEnt and GIS are reliable and effective in predicting the suitable distribution area of wild A.lancea.Ecological and environmental factors are not the only determinants affecting the quality of A.lancea.It is suggested that elite germplasm resources and appropriate ecological planting modes such as intercropping under forest，on forest edge，and with field crops should be selected for the production of high-quality A.lancea.