To reveal the changes in the physiological indexes and exercise capacity of mice in different hypomagnetic fields,which is necessary for risk assessment and prevention of hypomagnetic effect in the life support system of manned space craft,and elucidate the mechanism underlying the traditional Chinese medicine theory of correspondence between nature and human.Methods:Sixty C57BL/6 mice of 8 weeks old received adaptive feeding for 7 days old and then randomized into Helmholtz hypomagnetic,Helmholtz control,Permalloy hypomagnetic,and Permalloy control groups according to the body weight.The mice were continuously treated in two hypomagnetic environments:the compensative Helmholtz coil system(HCS) with light and the non-light Permalloy-shielded hypomagnetic system(PHS),and in corresponding geomagnetic environments.The changes in the sensitivity to thermal pain,exercise capacity,and motor coordination of the mice were examined by hot plate apparatus,treadmill,and rotarod test,respectively,after 1,3,12,and 24 months.Results:After 3 months of treatment,the Permalloy hypomagnetic group had higher sensitivity to thermal pain than Helmholtz control group and Permalloy control group(P<0.01,P<0.05).The exercise capacity and motor coordination were lower in the Helmholtz hypomagnetic group than in the Helmholtz control group(P<0.05) and lower in the Permalloy control group than in the Helmholtz control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).After 12 months of treatment,the two hypomagnetic treatment groups had higher sensitivity to thermal pain than the control groups(P<0.000 1,P<0.01),and the Permalloy control group had higher sensitivity to thermal pain than the Helmholtz control group(P<0.05).The exercise capacity and motor coordination of the two hypomagnetic groups were lower than those in the control groups(P<0.05,P<0.01).Moreover,the exercise capacity and motor coordination in the Permalloy hypomagnetic group were lower than those in the Helmholtz hypomagnetic group(P<0.001,P<0.05),and they were lower in the Permalloy control group than in the Helmholtz control group(P<0.001,P<0.01).After 24 months of treatment,the differences of the above indexes in the hypomagnetic groups decreased,and the water intake in the Helmholtz and Permalloy hypomagnetic groups was higher than that in the control groups(P<0.05,P<0.01).An upward trend in the diet intake of mice was observed.The fasting blood glucose in the Permalloy hypomagnetic group declined compared with that in the other 3 groups(P<0.05,P<0.01,and P<0.001,respectively).There was no significant difference in the body mass.After one month of treatment,the sensitivity to thermal pain,exercise capacity,and motor coordination showed no significant differences.Conclusion:Long-term exposure to hypomagnetic fields increased the sensitivity to thermal pain and decreased the exercise capacity and motor coordination of mice in a time-dependent manner.The light regulation may be a potential way to antagonize the effects induced by hypomagnetic field exposure.