This study aims to screen stable acute and chronic hyperuricemia models of rats to provide a model tool for the research and development of anti-hyperuricemia drugs.Methods:The rat model of acute hyperuricemia was established by subcutaneous injection of hypoxanthine(HX)+intraperitoneal injection of potassium oxonate(OAPS) and only intraperitoneal injection of potassium oxonate(OAPS).Blood samples were taken from the orbit of rats 0，1，2，4，8，and 10 hours after modeling，and the levels of serum uric acid，serum creatinine，and serum urea nitrogen were measured.The rat model of chronic hyperuricemia was established by intragastric administration of yeast extract(YE)+adenine phosphate(AP)+regular intraperitoneal injection of potassium oxonate solution(OAPS) and intragastric administration of ethambutol(EMB)+potassium oxonate(OAPS) solution for 14 days，and the observation continued for 14 days after stopping administration.Blood samples were taken from the orbit of rats on the 4th，6th，8th，11th，14th，15th，16th，18th，20th，22nd，25th，and 28th day，and the levels of serum uric acid，serum creatinine，and serum urea nitrogen were measured.The kidneys were taken for renal histopathological examination on the 14th and 28th day.Results:Both acute models showed significantly increased uric acid and renal injury.After the model-making stopped，the uric acid levels could be maintained for about one week.The renal injury of EMB+OAPS was more serious，and the indexes were still at a high level two weeks later.Conclusion:The above four methods can establish animal models of acute and chronic hyperuricemia.The acute models of HX+OAPS and the chronic model of EMB+OAPS have more obvious pathological symptoms and longer duration，which are more suitable for drug screening.