| 引用本文:司尚坤，王法帅，曲夷.经方中大枣配伍应用规律[J].世界中医药,2023,(17):. |
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| 经方中大枣配伍应用规律 |
| Application of Jujubae Fructus in Classical TCM Prescriptions |
| 投稿时间：2021-09-24 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2023.17.021 |
| 中文关键词: 大枣 《伤寒杂病论》 经方 证候 配伍 调和营卫 补中养营 缓和药性 |
| English Keywords:Jujubae Fructus Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases Classical TCM prescriptions Syndrome Compatibility Regulating nutrient and defense Tonifying middle energizer and nourishing nutrient Moderating medicinal properties |
| 基金项目:国家中医药管理局齐鲁伤寒流派传承工作室建设项目（LPGZS2012-34）；2021年度齐鲁医派中医药特色技术整理推广项目——齐鲁伤寒六经辨证中医药特色技术（鲁卫函【2021】45号） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的：总结和明确经方中大枣的功用、主治证候等，为其临床应用提供思路和参考。方法：从用法用量、主治证候及配伍应用等方面，查证《伤寒杂病论》原文中配伍应用大枣的72首经方及相关条文，总结其规律。结果：大枣基本以“枚”作单位，以12枚为常用药量，含大枣经方多为汤剂，多直接掰开去核入剂，也有以枣肉入膏和丸的形式。含大枣经方主治证候，病位涉及头面、胸中、胃肠、四肢、营血等身体各部分，病性涉及寒热、疼痛、呕呃下利等；大枣与生姜配伍，有调营卫、和枢机之功；与人参、甘草配伍具有补中养营之效；与当归配伍还有养血通脉安神的作用；还能益土制水、缓和药性，与甘遂、芫花、葶苈等逐水药物合用，在逐水利水的同时还能减毒、缓和药性。对于“咳”“胸腹满”“痰涎阻滞”等情况应慎用大枣。结论：大枣的功效因配伍和用量不同而异，临床需要谨慎辨证，合理使用。 |
| English Summary: |
| To summarize and clarify the functions and indications of Jujubae Fructus in classical TCM prescriptions and provide ideas and references for its clinical application.Methods:The 72 prescriptions containing Jujubae Fructus in the Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases were reviewed in detail in terms of usage，dosage，main indicated symptoms，and compatibility，and thus the application patterns of Jujubae Fructus were summarized.Results:The application amount of Jujubae Fructus in each prescription was mainly described in the number of fruits，and 12 was a common number in the prescriptions.Most of the prescriptions containing Jujubae Fructus were decoctions，in which Jujubae Fructus was used with the removal of pit，and a few prescriptions were paste or pills.The prescriptions containing Jujubae Fructus were mainly used to treat the diseases in head，face，chest，stomach，intestines，limbs，nutrient，and blood，which were mainly associated with cold，heat，pain，vomiting，and diarrhea.Jujubae Fructus in combination with Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens has the function of regulating the nutrient，defense，and qi movement.Jujubae Fructus in combination with Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma has the effect of tonifying the middle energizer and nourishing the nutrient.Jujubae Fructus in combination with Angelicae Sinensis Radix has the effect of tonifying blood，dredging vessels，tranquilizing mind，benefit earth and control water，and moderate the medicinal properties.Jujubae Fructus in combination with Kansui Radix，Genkwa Flos，and Descurainiae Semen/Lepidii Semen has the effect of expelling water，excreting water，reducing toxicity，and moderating medicinal properties.It should be used with caution in the cases of cough，chest and abdominal fullness，and phlegm obstruction.Conclusion:The efficacy of Jujubae Fructus varies depending on the compatibility and dosage，so it should be used reasonably based on syndrome differentiation in clinical practice. |
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