To explore the mechanism of Achillea alpina L.in resolving toxins and promoting diuresis based on network pharmacology，molecular docking，and in vitro activity experiments.Methods:The active ingredients of Achillea alpina L.were found in the literature and screened by using TCMSP.The targets of the active ingredients and the targets of disease were retrieved from the TCMSP，Genecards，and Comparative Toxicogenomics Database(CTD).The common targets of the active ingredients and diseases were constructed as an “ingredient-target” network and protein-protein interaction(PPI) network，and GO enrichment analysis and KEGG signaling pathway analysis were performed to construct the map of “Chinese medicine-ingredient-target-pathway-disease-efficacy”.The network topology analysis was carried out to screen out the active ingredients and core targets of Achillea alpina L.for disease intervention，and the active ingredients were investigated by molecular docking and in vitro experiments.Results:The traditional effects of Achillea alpina L.mainly involve 26 active ingredients and 247 targets.After analyzing the topology of each network，it is found that Achillea alpina L.mainly exerts its effects by acting on targets such as PTGS2，TNF，CASP3，MAPK3，and related pathways.The results of molecular docking show that the active ingredients can stably bind to PTGS2，TNF，CASP3，and other core targets.The results of in vitro activity experiments display that chlorogenic acid，formononetin，and other components exhibit good anti-inflammatory activities.Conclusion:Based on the traditional efficacy of “resolving toxin and promoting diuresis”，the research on the mechanism of Achillea alpina L.in the treatment of tonsillitis，bacterial dysentery，and urethritis is carried out.The results show that Achillea alpina L.may interfere with the development of disease through chlorogenic acid，formononetin，and other components acting on multiple targets and pathways.These results provide a reference for elucidating the mechanism of Achillea alpina L.