Abstract〓Objective:To observe the influencing factors of acupuncture treatment effectiveness for mild-to-moderate postpartum depression(PPD) based on real-world data.Methods:A prospective cohort study design was employed.Clinical diagnosis and treatment data of acupuncture therapy for mild-to-moderate PPD in the real world were collected through the International Acupuncture Registration Platform.A total of 355 cases from six hospitals were included in the study.The effectiveness of acupuncture treatment was used as the dependent variable.Single-factor analysis was conducted on variables including age，duration of illness，family assistance status，history of antenatal depression，severity of depression，number of pregnancies，history of miscarriage，family history of depression，education level，and frequency of acupuncture sessions to identify factors related to patient efficacy.Subsequently，factors with statistical significance from the single-factor analysis were included in the Cox regression model for multifactor analysis to explore the relevant factors affecting acupuncture efficacy.Results:A total of 355 cases with mild-to-moderate PPD were included，among which 329 cases were assessed as effective，with an effectiveness rate of 92.7%.Factors with statistical significance from the single-factor analysis were included in the Cox regression model for multifactor analysis，indicating that a history of antenatal depression，family assistance status，and frequency of acupuncture sessions were correlated with acupuncture efficacy(all P<0.05).Conclusion:Acupuncture treatment is effective for mild-to-moderate PPD，and acupuncture efficacy is correlated with the frequency of acupuncture sessions，family support for the cases，and history of antenatal depression(all P<0.05).Cases without a history of antenatal depression，with good family support，and a higher frequency of acupuncture sessions showed better acupuncture efficacy and shorter onset time.