| 引用本文:姜晓晨1，王桂彬1，刘福栋1，庞博2，花宝金1，朴炳奎1.基于“象思维”考辨脾脏之名与实[J].世界中医药,2024,(07):. |
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| 基于“象思维”考辨脾脏之名与实 |
| Textual Research on the Name and Nature of the Spleen Based on Xiang Thinking |
| 投稿时间：2022-11-04 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2024.07.015 |
| 中文关键词: 象思维 藏象 胰腺 脾 理论研究 中医药 中医经典 |
| English Keywords:Xiang thinking Zangxiang Pancreas Spleen Theoretical research TCM TCM Classics |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（81873399）；中国中医科学院科技创新工程创新团队专项（CI2021B009）；中国中医科学院科技创新工程肿瘤学重大攻关项目（CI2021A01805）；北京市科学技术委员会首都临床诊疗技术研究及示范应用专项（Z191100006619022） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 基于中医藏象学说和“象思维”理论，结合脏腑解剖、生理功能、病理特点探讨脾之具象、外象、意象、原象、病象的属性与特点。考脾之名“脾”“裨”“散膏”“膵”等，辨脾之实为胰腺与现代医学脾之总提；考脾之形态与解剖“扁似马蹄”“形如刀镰”“脾与胃以膜相连”，辨脾之原始特征；考脾之五色、五液、五志、五神，辨脾之现象特征；考脾之“牝藏”“至阴”“孤脏”五行“谏议之官”，辨脾之本源实体；考脾之静兼、运化、燥湿，辨脾之物用整体；考脾病、脾急，脾经之病，探讨脾之病变规律，辨胰腺肿瘤“积聚”“痞气”“伏梁”之病变部位。依据“候之所使，道之所生”的内经思维方式，五维一体阐释脾（中医学）、胰腺（Pancreas）、脾（Spleen）的区别联系，并考辨脾之藏象。 |
| English Summary: |
| The Zangxiang theory and Xiang thinking in TCM，together with the anatomy，physiological functions，and pathological characteristics of viscera，were adopted to discuss the concrete，appearance，imagery，original，and diseased attributes and characteristics of the spleen.The spleen has multiple synonyms such as “pi”“bi”“sangao”，and “cui” in ancient records.The ancient term of the spleen is the summary of the pancreas and the spleen in modern medicine.The records about spleen appearance include horseshoe and knife-like shape，and the anatomical record is that the spleen and stomach are connected by a membrane.The ancient records about the original features of the spleen were analyzed.The records about the five colors，five kinds of liquids，five emotions，and five mental activities were reviewed to characterize the spleen.The records of yin-organ，beginning of yin，solitary organ，and an organ with the function like that of a criticizer indicate the nature of the spleen.The records of calmness，transportation，transformation，and drying dampness describe the functions of the spleen.The pathological rules of the spleen were summarized by review of diseases in the spleen and spleen meridian.The pathological sites of pancreatic tumors were identified as accumulation，mass at the right hypochondrium，and mass located in the upper or lower abdomen.According to the description of “This is the way to predict the beginning of Hou(solar terms) and this is the place where Dao(law) lies in” in the Huangdi's Internal Classic(Huang Di Nei Jing)，this paper explains the Zangxiang of the spleen by distinguishing the ancient and modern medical definitions of the spleen and the pancreas. |
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