The cholesterol hypothesis has laid a foundation for the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.The theory of inflammation is garnering increasing attention in the research on atherosclerosis，and inflammation is a potential target in the intervention in this disease.Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9(PCSK9) has multiple effects of regulating lipid levels and mediating inflammation.PCSK9 can drive inflammation via lipids and acts as an independent inflammatory mediator in the occurrence of atherosclerosis.The inflammatory effect of PCSK9 may be one of the targets for the treatment of atherosclerosis with traditional Chinese medicine.Chinese medicines and their active components(quercetin，berberine hydrochloride，gypenoside，curcumin，10-dehydrogingerdione，policosanol，ginkgolide B，naringin，and hesperidin) as well as Chinese medicine prescriptions(such as Shoushen Granules and Qizhi Tongmai Granules) demonstrate inhibitory effects on PCSK9，which is an important direction for the research and discovery of PCSK9-based drugs.