In recent years，the deepening research by traditional Chinese medicine（TCM) scholars on the theoretical foundations of male infertility has provided hope for patients to access safer and more effective treatment methods.As times have evolved，TCM approaches to treating male infertility have also advanced，introducing new perspectives.These approaches consider syndrome differentiation based on multiple pathogenic mechanisms and multiple organs，moving from the traditional sole focus on tonifying kidney to incorporating methods such as soothing the liver and relieving depression，clearing dampness-heat，and promoting blood circulation to remove stasis.While kidney deficiency remains the most critical pathogenic cause of male infertility，the impact of pathological factors such as emotional disturbances，dampness，heat，phlegm，blood stasis，parasites，and toxins should not be overlooked.In syndrome differentiation and treatment，it is important to consider individual characteristics，combining disease differentiation with syndrome differentiation to better leverage the advantages of TCM.TCM treatment of male infertility not only improves semen parameters and alleviates accompanying symptoms but also reduces the likelihood of adverse reactions.The integration of TCM and Western medicine in treating male infertility provides complementary advantages，with TCM being particularly effective in treating idiopathic oligoasthenospermia，where the pathogenic mechanisms are unclear in Western medicine.It can also reduce the incidence of complications following assisted reproductive techniques in Western medicine and improve pregnancy rates.However，moving forward，TCM treatment of male infertility must continue to emphasize theoretical innovation and conduct high-level clinical research.It will drive the development of standardized TCM treatment protocols for male infertility，promoting its clinical application and widespread adoption.