This study aimed to observe the effects of sexual behavior on androgens and related growth factors in rats with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) of blood stasis blocking collaterals.Methods:Thirty pathogen-free Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into the normal control group，model group，and co-caged group，with 10 rats in each group.The BPH rat models of blood stasis blocking collaterals were established by testosterone propionate.The rats in the model group were subcutaneously injected with testosterone propionate(50 mg/kg) every other day for four weeks，and the amount of injected drug was weighed daily before injection.The male and female rats in the co-caged group were housed together，with one male and one female rat in each cage，and other interventions were the same as those in the model group.The rats in the normal control group were subcutaneously injected with a corresponding volume of olive oil.At the end of the modeling period，rats were anesthetized.The blood was drawn from the abdominal aorta，and the prostate was removed intact for the determination of serum androgen testosterone(T)，dihydrotestosterone(DHT)，steroid 5α-reductase 2(SRD5α2)，prostate epidermal growth factor(EGF)，basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)，and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) in prostate tissue.Results:Compared with those in the normal control group，serum T，DHT，and levels of DHT，SRD5α2，EGF，bFGF，and TGF-β1 in prostate tissue were significantly higher in the model group(all P<0.01).Compared with those in the model group，serum androgens(T and DHT)，as well as DHT，SRD5α2，EGF，bFGF，and TGF-β1 expression levels in prostate tissue in the co-caged group were significantly lower(P<0.05).Conclusion:Sexual behavior may inhibit the progression of BPH of blood stasis blocking collaterals by reducing the levels of serum androgens，DHT，SRD5α2，and growth factors in prostate tissue，as well as prostate cell proliferation in BPH rats of blood stasis blocking collaterals.