To observe the clinical efficacy of lateral recess injection combined with deep needling of “Baliao” acupoints under ultrasound localization in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation.Methods:A total of 100 patients with lumbar disc herniation were randomly divided into a control group(n=50) and an observation group(n=50).The control group received lateral recess injection therapy alone，while the observation group received additional deep needling of “Baliao” acupoints under ultrasound localization.Clinical efficacy was evaluated using the visual analog scale(VAS)，Japanese Orthopedic Association(JOA) score，plasma thromboxane B2(TXB2) levels，plasma prostaglandin E2(PGE2) levels，serum tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) levels，nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB) protein phosphorylation levels，and the Macnab criteria before and after treatment.Results:After treatment，both groups showed a significant reduction in VAS scores compared to baseline，with the observation group showing superior improvement(P<0.05).JOA scores increased in both groups，with the observation group demonstrating better outcomes(P<0.05).Levels of inflammatory mediators(plasma TXB2，PGE2，and TNF-α) decreased in both groups，with greater reductions in the observation group(P<0.05).NF-κB protein phosphorylation levels also decreased in both groups，with the observation group exhibiting a more pronounced decrease(P<0.05).The overall efficacy rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Lateral recess injection combined with deep needling of “Baliao” acupoints under ultrasound localization is an effective and reproducible treatment for lumbar disc herniation，with confirmed efficacy and simple clinical application.